Space Law

Crime Beyond Earth
Who Enforces the Law in Space?

Are We Ready for Criminal Justice in Orbit?

What happens if a crime is committed in space? Which country has jurisdiction? Who investigates, prosecutes, and enforces the law?

​​​​​​​In this webinar, we will explore how criminal law applies beyond Earth’s atmosphere. From jurisdictional complexity aboard the International Space Station to future policing models for lunar bases and Mars settlements, we will examine how legal systems must evolve to address misconduct in orbit and beyond.

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  • How Does Criminal Law Apply in Space?​​​​​​​
    Outer space is not a legal vacuum. Existing treaties and national laws already provide a framework — but how effective is it?
    We will begin with an overview of the current legal regime, including the Outer Space Treaty and the principle of jurisdiction based on nationality and registration.
    Who has authority when multiple countries are involved? And what happens when legal systems collide hundreds of kilometers above Earth?


  • When Space Crime Becomes Reality​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
    While space crime may sound like science fiction, real incidents have already raised serious legal questions.
    We will examine concrete cases in which criminal law has been invoked in a space context, analyzing how jurisdiction was determined and what legal mechanisms were used.
    These examples reveal both the strengths and the limits of the current framework.

  • The Future of Policing in Space​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
    ​​​​​​​As human presence expands to lunar bases, commercial stations, and eventually Mars, today’s legal tools may no longer be sufficient.
    Will we need space police forces? Independent judicial systems beyond Earth? New international agreements?
    We will explore how criminal law may need to adapt to ensure safety, accountability, and justice in an era of permanent human settlement in space.

  • Q&A Session​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
    ​​​​​​​The session will conclude with an open Q&A, where you will have the opportunity to ask your questions directly to the experts.

  • Igor Ciminelli

    Founder of the School of Disruption & MD at Titan Swiss

  • Veronica Moronese

    Leading space law professional and Director of Legal Affairs and Space Law at ThinkOrbital. A member of the International Institute of Space Law and affiliated with the Center for Near Space and ARIAS, she focuses on the evolving legal frameworks shaping the future of commercial and human spaceflight.

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